Yize imvelaphi yamagama ingaba yigama elibanzi ngandlela thile, sinegama elithi onomastics ukukwazi ukuyenza incane. Kulokhu, kubhekiswa kumagama afanele. Amagama akhona futhi azoba ngabalingiswa bethu abaphambili, ezimpilweni zethu nasemsebenzini esiwukhombisa kule webhusayithi.
Kepha noma sazi ukuthi yini i- incazelo yangempela yegama losuku, akakwazanga ukusala ngemuva ngokusikhombisa okuningi. Lokho 'okuningi' kuzoba ngumsuka kanye nokuvela kwawo wonke amagama afanele esiwasebenzisayo. Hhayi ukuqoka abantu kuphela, kepha nezindawo. Ngoba konke kunesiqalo! Ngabe uyafuna ukuyazi?
Yini i-Onomastics?
Uma sibhekisela kuleli gama, impela wonke umuntu uyazi incazelo. Singasho ngaye ukuthi uyi- igatsha noma ingxenye yesichazamazwi. Okungukuthi, lonke lelo qoqo noma iqembu lamagama ulimi olunalo. Kepha maqondana ne-onomastics, lawa magama abhekisa kumagama afanele njengezibongo, kanye nalawo akhomba izindawo, izitshalo noma imicimbi, njll. Ngeke sikhohlwe ukuthi igama elithi onomastic livela esiGrekini futhi lingahunyushwa ngokuthi 'ubuciko bokunikeza amagama noma ukuqamba'.
Ukuhlukaniswa noma amagatsha e-Onomastics
I-Anthroponymy
Elinye lamagatsha abaluleke kakhulu yi-anthroponymy, ibizwa nangokuthi i-anthropological onomastics. Kuwo, okufundwayo amagama afanele namagama abo. Kuzo kufakwe nezibongo. Vele, kwamanye amasiko, asevele ekude kakhulu, basebenzisa igama elifanele noma lokuqala, okuyilona elibakhombayo.
Kuthiwa iningi lama-anthropony livela kwamanye amagama ajwayelekile. Ngakho-ke kwesinye isikhathi kuba nzima ngokwengeziwe ukwazi incazelo. Ukuze sithole, kufanele sibheke ifayela le- i-etymology. Njengoba kuzoba nguye onikela ngomlando wegama elishiwoyo kithi. Sine-anthroponymics evela ku-Greek, Roman, Hebrew, Germanic noma i-Arab.
Njengokulangazelela, eminyakeni eminingi edlule, igama elinikezwe indodana kwakungamazwi okuqala ubaba awasho lapho embona. Ngenkathi amaRoma uma engenalo igama elikhethiwe, asebenzisa izinombolo.
I-Toponymy
Olunye uqeqesho, ngaphakathi kwegama losuku, olutadisha amagama afanele ezindawo. Noma kungewona lawa magama kuphela akhuluma nge-toponymy, kodwa futhi kujwayelekile ukuwathola ku-anatomy noma ku-biology. Kuze kube sekupheleni kwekhulu leshumi nesishiyagalolunye lapho lokhu kuqoqwa khona empeleni. isikhathi kuRAE.
Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi amagama ezindawo nawo angavela kumagama abantu. Kepha futhi angamagama agqamile ngokwezimpawu noma ngezinto abhekisele kuzo. Ngakho-ke akumangazi ukuthi igama lendawo linikela ngezimfanelo zemvelo ngokungathi ukuxhumana okungaqondakali, kepha kungumsuka walelo gama. Ngaphakathi kwe-toponymy sinefayela le- ama-hydronyms (imifula), ama-thalasonyms (izilwandle nezilwandle), ama-oronyms (amagama ezintaba) noma ama-theonyms (amagama onkulunkulu).
Bionymy
Kulokhu, vele usho ukuthi kugxile ekutadisheni amagama ezinto eziphilayo. Phakathi kwazo sigqamisa izilwane nezitshalo. Ngakolunye uhlangothi esinalo zoonymy okuyingxenye ebhekise ezilwaneni ngenkathi sikhuluma ngazo phytonymy, lapho-ke izitshalo zizoba ngabalingiswa abaphambili.
I-Odonimia
Vele, uma sikhuluma ngokuhlukaniswa kwamagama, asikwazi ukushiya eceleni ophethe imigwaqo, izikwele noma imigwaqo emikhulu. Njengoba bonke, kunalokho amagama abo, ezoba yingxenye yalokho okuthiwa yi-odonym. Leli gama futhi livela esiGrekini sasendulo futhi lingahunyushwa ngokuthi 'igama lendlela'.
Umlando wama-Onomastics ezweni lethu
Kumele kushiwo lokho eSpain kwakukhona izilimi eziningana njengeCeltiberian noma iTartessian, phakathi kwabanye. Lokhu bekuyinkomba yokuthi amasiko nokwehlukahluka bekukhona ezweni lethu. Ngakho-ke isishiyele imisindo, izinhlamvu nezimpande zamagama ahlukahlukene kakhulu. Isibonelo, iSpanish ne-Iberia babelana ngonkamisa abayisihlanu abahlukanisa nezinye izilimi zaseRomance. Njengezinye izixhumi ezingaveli esiLatini njenge -arro noma -ueco.
Lapho amaRoma efika, aletha isiLatini nawo futhi ngenxa yalokho, ayefuna kuphela lokhu kube nokugqama okukhulu. Silahla iningi lezinye izilimi ezazikhulunywa. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi nezizukulwane, kwasungulwa isiLatini kuphela. Yize kuthiwa iBasque nayo imelane nalesi sikhathi. Ngakho-ke, ingxenye enkulu yamagama noma amagama ezindawo avela IsiLatin sibizwa ngokuthi yinhlamba. Njengoba zonke izilimi zazifakiwe kuyo. Ukubuyekezwa komlando ukwazi imvelaphi yamagama amaningi.