Ngaphakathi kokufundwa kwamagama, kuyiqiniso ukuthi sinesisekelo esihle esingumsuka noma incazelo. Kepha kukhona leyo ngxenye yesichazamazwi, yemofimi kanye neyazo zonke lezo zingxenye ezakha amagama. Konke lokhu kuzofanele ukukufundela ukuqonda kangcono ulimi ngalunye. Okuthile okuthi Isichazamazwi.
Yingakho singakwazanga ukukuyeka ngemuva, ngoba, uma sikhuluma ngakho incazelo yamagama, futhi kufanele udlule kuzo ukuze uqonde kangcono ingxenye ngayinye. Ngakho-ke, isayensi yolimi efana nale isivumela ukuthi sichaze futhi sihlukanise amayunithi wesichazamazwi. Esinye isihloko esibalulekile ngolimi lwethu!
Iyini isichazamazwi?
Ngokubanzi, singasho ukuthi isichazamazwi yisayensi yezilimi, noma izihlokwana ezingezansi zolimi, elibhekele ukutadisha ulwazimagama noma isichazamazwi, okungukuthi, ama-morphemes namagama ngokujwayelekile. Kungaba kuncane kanjani, umsuka waleli gama ungowesiGreki futhi ungahunyushwa ngokuthi 'uhlu lwamagama'.
Sabemos que isichazamazwi wonke lawo magama akha ulimi abizwa. Ngakho-ke sikhuluma ngesilulumagama sayo nalelo gama eliqoqwe kusichazamazwi. Yebo, lesi siyalo siphethe ukutadisha kwaso, ukuhlaziywa kwaso kanye nokuhlukaniswa kwaso.
Yini efundwa isichazamazwi?
Kuyiqiniso ukuthi ukwazi ukuthi kusho ukuthini, sesivele siyazi ukuthi iyiphi indima okufanele siyidlale. Kepha ukuze sikubone kahle, sizokutshela ukuthi isichazamazwi ikakhulu imayelana i-etymology. Yebo, naye ufakiwe esifundweni sakhe ngoba kufunwa umsuka wamagama kuyo yomibili le miqondo. Futhi emkhakheni ofanayo, kusetshenziswa izilimi zomlando, njengoba, njengoba sazi, kunguye ophethe ukutadisha izilimi nezinguquko zazo ngenxa yokuhamba kwesikhathi.
Kepha, isichazamazwi futhi siphathelene nobudlelwano phakathi kwamagama. Ngakolunye uhlangothi kukhona i- onomasiology efunda ubudlelwano phakathi komqondo noma incazelo negama noma isichazi. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, sithola okuthiwa yi-semasiology ehambisana nama-semantics, okungukuthi, ukutadisha incazelo yamagama. Ekugcineni, ubudlelwano be-semantic obufana ne-hyponyma, i-hyperonymy noma ama-synonyms kanye nabaphikisi, nabo bangena ezifundweni zesichazamazwi.
Ukwakheka kwamagama amasha
Kuyiqiniso ukuthi ekuqaleni singaba nemininingwane emikhulu ngamagama noma amagama ngokujwayelekile. Kepha kufanele uqaphele ukuthi amagama ayingxenye yemikhakha yama-lexical azohlangana akhiqize ukwakheka okusha. Lapha kuzongena ukwakheka kwezilimi nokutholwa, okuyinto okwenzile kaningi esikoleni. Njenge-parasynthesis, ihlanganise ukwakheka nokutholwa. Konke lokhu kuphakamisa amagama amasha nawo okufanele awazi.
Isichazamazwi
Yize zibonakala zifana, azifani. Kulokhu, sikhuluma ngezichazamazwi lapho sisho incazelo yamagama noma ukuhlanganiswa kwawo, njengakwisichazamazwi. Ngokwalokho esingakusho ukuthi yingxenye yemfundiso ethe xaxa, ebhekele ukuthuthukisa lezi sichazamazwi. Yize kuliqiniso ukuthi inengxenye ethiyori futhi esebenzayo. Kusukela kwimvelaphi yayo okudingayo incazelo yegama ngalinye lamagama kepha ngendlela ejwayelekile. Ngenkathi isichazamazwi sidlulela emininingwaneni.
Kufanele kucaciswe ukuthi ayigxilile kuphela ekwandisweni kwesichazamazwi njengoba siphawule. Kepha, ukutadisha umsebenzi wakhe kancane, kubuye kusekelwe esakhiweni, ku-typology noma ekuxhumaneni okuthile amagama angaba nakho. Ngakho-ke, kuzichazamazwi sibona imininingwane eqoqiwe njengegama elizochazwa, ngaphezu kwemininingwane ye-etymological, i isimilo nesigaba samagama.