Nangona imvelaphi yamagama inokuba lixesha elibanzi, sinayo onomastics ukwazi ukuyenza incinci. Kule meko, ibhekisa kumagama afanelekileyo. Amagama akho kwaye aya kuba ngabalinganiswa bethu abaphambili, bobabini ebomini nasemsebenzini esiwubonisayo kule webhusayithi.
Kodwa nokuba siyazi ukuba yintoni Intsingiselo yangempela yegama lomhla, ngekhe ashiyeke ngasemva ngokusibonisa ngaphezulu. Oko 'ngakumbi' kuya kuba yimvelaphi kunye nokuvela kwawo onke amagama afanelekileyo esiwasebenzisayo. Ayisiyokuchonga abantu kuphela, kodwa neendawo. Kuba yonke into inesiqalo! Ngaba uyafuna ukuyazi?
Yintoni i-Onomastics?
Xa sibhekisa kweli gama, ngokuqinisekileyo wonke umntu uyayazi intsingiselo. Singathi ngaye isebe okanye inxalenye yesichazi-magama. Oko kukuthi, yonke ingqokelela okanye iqela lamagama anolwimi. Kodwa ke kwimeko ye-onomastics, la magama abhekisa kumagama afanelekileyo anje ngeefani, kunye nalawo achaza indawo, izityalo okanye iminyhadala, njl. Asinakulibala ukuba igama elithi onomastics livela kwisiGrike kwaye linokuguqulelwa 'njengobugcisa bokunika amagama okanye ukubiza'.
Ukwahlulahlula okanye amasebe e-Onomastics
I-Anthroponymy
Elinye lamasebe abaluleke kakhulu yi-anthroponymy, ikwabizwa ngokuba i-anthropological onomastics. Kuyo, okufundwayo ngamagama afanelekileyo kunye namagama. Kuzo kukho neefani. Ewe kunjalo, kwezinye iinkcubeko, sele zikude kakhulu, basebenzise kuphela igama okanye igama lokuqala, elilelo libachongileyo.
Kuyatshiwo ukuba uninzi lwee-anthroponyms zivela kwamanye amagama aqhelekileyo. Ke ngamanye amaxesha kunzima ngakumbi ukuyazi intsingiselo. Ukufumanisa, kuya kufuneka sijonge I-etymology. Kuba iya kuba nguye osizisela imbali yelo gama. Sinee-anthroponymics ezivela kwisiGrike, isiRoma, isiHebhere, isiJamani okanye isiArabhu.
Njengomdla, kwiminyaka emininzi eyadlulayo, Igama elinikwe unyana yayingamazwi okuqala awathethwa ngutata akumbona. Ngelixa amaRoma ukuba babengenalo igama elikhethiweyo, babhenela kumanani.
Toponymy
Olunye uqeqesho, kwigama losuku, olufunda amagama eendawo ezifanelekileyo. Nangona kungengawo la magama athetha nge-toponymy, kodwa kuyinto eqhelekileyo ukuyifumana kwi-anatomy okanye kwi-biology. Kude kube sekupheleni kwenkulungwane yeshumi elinesithoba ukuba le nto sele iqokelelwe. Ixesha kwiRAE.
Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba amagama eendawo anokuvela nakumagama abantu. Kodwa ikwangamagama abonakala ngokweempawu okanye izinto ekubhekiswa kuzo. Ayothusi ke into yokuba igama lendawo inegalelo kwindalo esingqongileyo ngokungathi lunxibelelwano oluyimfihlakalo, kodwa yimvelaphi yelo gama. Ngaphakathi kwi-toponymy sine ii-hydronyms (imilambo), i-thalasonyms (iilwandle kunye neelwandle), ii-oronyms (amagama eentaba) okanye ii-theonyms (amagama oothixo).
Bionymy
Kule meko, yithi ijolise kuphela kufundo lwamagama ezinto eziphilayo. Phakathi kwazo sibalaselisa izilwanyana kunye nezityalo. Kwelinye icala sinalo zoonymy lelona candelo libhekisa kwizilwanyana ngelixa sithetha ngazo phytonymy, emva koko izityalo ziya kuba ngabalinganiswa abaphambili.
I-odonymy
Ewe, ukuba sithetha ngokuhlelwa kwamagama, asinakho ukungayihoyi eyongamele ezitalatweni, izikwere okanye oohola bendlela. Kuba bonke, endaweni yoko amagama abo, baya kuba yinxalenye yento ebizwa ngokuba yi-odonym. Eli gama livela nakwisiGrike samandulo kwaye linokuguqulelwa 'njengegama lendlela'.
Imbali ye-Onomastics kwilizwe lethu
Kufuneka kuthiwe eSpain kwakukho iilwimi ezininzi njengeCeltiberian okanye iTartessian, phakathi kwabanye. Oku kwabonisa ukuba iinkcubeko kunye neyantlukwano zazikho kwilizwe lethu. Ke isishiyele izandi, iileta kunye neengcambu zamagama ahlukeneyo. Umzekelo, iSpanish kunye ne-Iberia babelana ngezikhamiso ezihlanu ezahlula kwezinye iilwimi zesiRomance. Njengazo ezinye izimamva ezingaveli kwisiLatin njenge -arro okanye -ueco.
Ukufika kwamaRoma, beza nesiLatini kunye nabo, ngenxa yoko, bafuna le nto ukuba ibalasele. Ukulahla uninzi lwezinye iilwimi ebezithethiwe. Ngokuhamba kwexesha kunye nezizukulwana, kwasekwa isiLatin kuphela. Nangona kusithiwa iBasque nayo iyalichasa eli xesha. Yiyo loo nto indawo enkulu yamagama okanye yamagama endawo ivela IsiLatin sibizwa ngokuba krwada. Kuba zonke iilwimi zazibandakanyiwe kuyo. Uphengululo lwembali ukwazi imvelaphi yamagama amaninzi.